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KENYA: Condom conundrum puts prisoners at risk

Posted by jambonewspot on February 20, 2010

Sex behind bars is a reality. Photo by Eric Kanalstein/UNMIL

Sex behind bars is a reality. Photo by Eric Kanalstein/UNMIL

NAIROBI, 16 February 2010 (PlusNews) – The Kenya Prisons Service has won praise for its HIV programmes, including education, testing and the provision of anti-retroviral drugs to prisoners, but specialists say unless the issue of unprotected sex is addressed, HIV transmission will continue unchecked.

“The truth is there is sex going on in prisons; research shows that sex among male prisoners happens through different ways, including coercion, forced, and consensual sex,” Lorna Dias, the men-who-have-sex-with-men (MSM) coordinator at the NGO, LVCT Care and Treatment, told IRIN/PlusNews. “The government should recognize this and provide condoms in prisons.”

According to a study, Sexual Health and HIV Knowledge, Practice and Prevalence among Male Inmates in Kenya, conducted by LVCT, the Kenya Prisons Service and the African Medical and Research Foundation in 2008, of the 9 percent of male prisoners interviewed who admitted having sex in prison, 74.6 percent said it was unprotected.

Legal pitfalls

Kenya’s government has long argued that because both homosexual sex and sex in prison are against the law, its hands are tied when it comes to condom distribution in jails.

“There are numerous HIV-related services that are being offered to prisoners… but we cannot provide condoms because the law as it is today regards them as contraband; you can’t take condoms into prisons because you will be breaking the law,” said Nicholas Muraguri, head of the National AIDS and Sexually transmitted infections Control Programme.

“Prisoners are very transitional âEuro¦ if they leave infected then they stand a chance of infecting others in the wider population,” he added. “Condoms would be more effective, but there is no policy on them as regards to prisons … we target them with the services like testing and treatment.”

Robert Onyieno*, 30, walked free in 2009 after serving a five-year prison sentence for theft in the Kenyan capital, Nairobi. He has since discovered he is HIV-positive, and suspects he contracted the virus through unprotected sex in prison. “I had sex with older prisoners. Later one of them took me as his ‘wife’.

“I had no choice but to agree, because that is the only way I could get food and even water to bathe. He acted as my protector and I provided sex in return,” he added. “Before he finally took me, I had engaged in sex with two other prisoners… my partner was not faithful; he had sex with other prisoners too.”

Read more: Winning against stigma behind bars HIV-positive inmates speak out Even a short prison sentence could mean death Overcrowded prisons heighten TB risk The Kenya National AIDS Control Council’s reported that MSM and prison populations were responsible for about 15 percent of new HIV infections. HIV prevalence rates in prison are about 10 percent – against the national average of 7.4 percent.

“The slow response to high HIV/AIDS levels in prison is mainly due to weak and outdated legislation, as well as religious and cultural inhibitions,” the study reported. “It is recommended that in the immediate and short term, ways be examined that will improve and hasten provision of services; in the long term, discuss changing policies and laws that criminalize and discriminate against these groups.”

HIV risks

“Let us not talk [openly] about distribution or provision if the law is against it; condoms can be made available in a manner the prisoners can access them,” Dias said.

“It is time the government realized that using punitive measures will not work,” she added. “It is incumbent upon policy makers to push for the removal of the legal hurdles that prevent provision of condoms in prisons.”

Aside from sexual activity, inmates in Kenya’s prisons – which are estimated to hold as many as 47,000 prisoners, three times their intended capacity – risk HIV through shared needles for intravenous drug use, razors and tattooing needles. Overcrowding also puts prisoners at high risk of tuberculosis.

The recently launched third Kenya National Strategic Plan for HIV/AIDS 2009-2013 highlights the need to scale up interventions among “most-at-risk” populations, including prisoners, but notes that the criminal nature of the activities of these populations posed a serious challenge to programming; the strategy aims to “alleviate” the constraints that have hampered programmes for these groups.

“Condoms can help because many engage in sex with fellow prisoners; just give them the condoms to save others,” Onyieno said. “Many of them have wives and they go back to them and they infect them – I did that to mine.”

* Not his real name

ko/kr/mw
Theme(s): (IRIN) Gender Issues, (IRIN) HIV/AIDS (PlusNews), (IRIN) Prevention – PlusNews, (IRIN) PWAs/ASOs – PlusNews, (IRIN) Stigma/Human Rights/Law – PlusNews

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Kenyan woman creates art to fight HIV

Posted by jambonewspot on October 28, 2009

The sun rises above a land rich in beauty where flamingos flock along the water; the thorns of the acacia trees softly nestle along the mountainside; and the buffalo roam, quietly calling out the peaceful sounds of Africa that are found in a Kenyan workshop called Imani!

That’s where they sing songs of praises for positively living with HIV/AIDS. It’s the attitude of peace that gives them the will to change their lives through art.

We first met Evelyn Njoki last year in Eldoret, Kenya. She gave us a tour of Imani as we watched employees make some of the most beautiful pieces of jewelry. Everything is handmade with care and with courage, all thanks to the Indiana University Ampath program. It provides them with clinical care to treat HIV/AIDS.

It gives them Imani, where they not only make art but sale it to achieve self-sufficiency. Njoki is one of Imani’s founders. She traveled 8,000 miles to Indianapolis to share her story and her passion with students at IU’s Herron School of Art.

“I was pregnant and I did not know that I was HIV positive. I started making necklaces. I don’t know where the designs came from. I could go with my baby, knocking at people’s offices and asking them, ‘Can you buy this, can you buy this, can you buy this?’,” Njoki shared.

She asked and they bought enough for Njoki to employ and train others in the art of making jewelry. Now, IU students can learn her trade secrets.

“Oprah Magazine is our material. This is the product we finally make out of the magazine,” she said.

There are many products, but the one called the Imani necklace, which means peace, is also a top seller.

“We are peaceful by getting medication and everything at Ampath,” Njoki says.

It’s a lesson of life beyond the skill.

“In life you cannot just give up because you have something wrong or something wrong going on in your life. You can always keep trying. It doesn’t matter what happens. You can always find hope,” said IU student Fatoumata Bah.

And the students are learning the Kenyan way about how to turn used into new.

“We have to think ahead about how it’s going to eventually turn out. I learned to think about the different color schemes you want to use and just the artistry that goes into it,” said Herron School of Art student Emma Fisher.

Another student Courtney Ware said, “It’s really beautiful. It’s like better than anything we could’ve ever done.”

And Njoki continues to outdo herself.

“This one is called ‘Njoki Funky Meats’ and, like, now it’s the top-selling product, selling like hotcakes,” she said.

Njoki, Imani, and IU create a partnership where ideas are shared.

“I had the chance of seeing different countries’ products in gift shops. And that’s how we can develop our products,” said Njoki.

The universal fair trade system sustains a world and saves lives across the continents with peace, all thanks to Imani.
 
“People buy our products, it creates jobs for us and it can change many people’s lives,” Njoki said.

video: http://www.wthr.com/global/video/=Women You Should Know: Evelyn Njoki&flvUri=&thirdpartymrssurl=

Source: http://www.wthr.com

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Kenyan man with breast cancer

Posted by jambonewspot on October 27, 2009

NAIROBI, Kenya, Oct 26 – Forty-two year-old Patrick Magera is living with breast cancer.

Mr Magera says he noticed a painless lump on his left breast in 1985 but ignored it for 20 years.  According to him, breast cancer only affected women.

“I took note of the swelling but I didn’t care much about it.  It went on growing bigger slowly by slowly. By 2004, it started becoming a bit alarming because it had grown from two milimetres to about two centimetres. By that time it had started affecting the skin around my chest; the skin was turning brown,“ he said.

“Any time I lifted something heavy, I heard a cracking sound on that side of my breast, that’s when I decided to see a doctor.“

Tests revealed what turned out to be devastating news – Mr Magera had breast cancer. “I was not taken aback, but decided that I had to face it; I had this hope in me.“

Mr Magera is one of ambitious personalities full of hope and determination to carry on.

“No one in my family line has ever had cancer, so where did this cancer came from?“ he wondered. He says being told you have breast cancer is not a mark of despair.

“The traumatising thing about cancer is not being told you have it, the cost of cancer drugs is the worst nightmare,” he says. His first chemotherapy session at Kenyatta National Hospital cost him Sh36,000.

A return cost him Sh66,000 for six weeks and yet another one left him Sh200,000 poorer.

Recently, doctors discovered that the cancer was spreading to Mr Magera’s lungs and he needed another Sh102,000 for medication. Sadly, though, the tumour is still spreading.

 “The doctor prescribed a drug for me. I will require Sh335, 000 per session and I need two sessions. I know I won’t afford it. I don’t know where I will get this money from, whether I will get it or not, I don’t know, but I have hope,” he says.

To make ends meet, Mr Magera works at his friend’s electronic shop in Nairobi where he helps him repair electronics for a fee.

He says his church has been assisting him to conduct fundraisers to foot his medication. “It is not easy to be a burden, asking for money is very hard. I have held many harambees, family meetings and friends meetings, it is through their support that I am alive today,” he explains.

Mr Magera says he fears that the more money he needs to buy his drugs, the more difficult life becomes because he goes back almost to the same people who help him other times, “I know if I don’t get the drugs I will die. I don’t know how I will raise money for my drugs in future.”

Accepting he has breast cancer and struggling to make ends meet to raise money for treatment is not the only part of his painful life of managing a terminal illness.

Breaking the news to his 14 year-old daughter was the most painful time of his life.

“One day my daughter asked me, “If you stop taking the drugs will you die daddy? I used to vomit a lot when I took the cancer drugs, and she used to see me vomiting immediately after swallowing the tablets.”

So I told her, “Yes I will die if I don’t take the drugs.” She cried and I felt very sad. I was very moved and for sometime I did not know what to tell her, but after she grew older I explained to her what the problem was,“ he says.

However, Mr Magera says he is happy for a very supportive wife and family through all the hardships in their life.

He strongly believes he would not have gone through this ordeal had he gone to hospital early enough. “If one is diagnosed with cancer at an early stage, the disease can be stopped.“

“Please go for check up. I know men like doing things for other people and never take time to look after their health. It is better to be checked early enough and not to wait until one feels pain or is very sick.“

It was not easy to get a man with breast cancer to go public about it, but Mr Magera was more than willing to open up, not for publicity, but to inform other men that they too can get breast cancer just like women.

He says it is his pleasure to inspire people with cancer to carry on and also to inform those who don’t have it to be observant of their health. 

The Kenya Cancer Association estimates 82,000 cases annually with 21 percent of them being breast cancer.

Out of the 21 percent, one percent are men.

Last year the Aga Khan University Hospital Breast Cancer Unit said an increase of men with breast cancer had been confirmed.

Source: Capital FM

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A quack doctor killed my baby

Posted by jambonewspot on October 22, 2009

BY JUDIE KABERIA

NAIROBI, Kenya, Oct 22 – “My unborn child died because the ‘doctor’ opened my womb,” the distraught girl tells me. The man who had performed the operation had said that her pregnancy was developing outside her uterus – commonly known as an ectopic pregnancy.

“I did not have an ectopic pregnancy as he had said,” she charges. “All he did was to cut my skin and open my womb; he left my baby to die… Why did he open my womb and leave the baby to die? He should have removed it because he knew what would happen.”

This is how 17-year-old Angela Kwamboka recounts her sad episode in the hands of a medical quack.

Despite the shock and frustration of teenage pregnancy, Kwamboka found herself in the very incapable hands of unscrupulous doctors, who for a long time have been fought by the government, unsuccessfully.

Kwamboka remembers rushing to an estate dispensary when she realised she was bleeding barely a month into her pregnancy.

“I started bleeding when I was four weeks pregnant, I was terrified! My insurance does not cover pregnancy, which meant digging into my pockets. I am a student and my boyfriend is financially unstable, he could not take me to a good hospital, so we went to an estate dispensary,” she recalls, describing the encounter with a quack in Nairobi’s Umoja II estate.

Without even a scan or any form of an x-ray, the doctor told her it was an ectopic pregnancy.

“It was a Friday. I had acute pain and a lot of bleeding. In the hospital we were told it was an ectopic pregnancy. He injected me in the stomach and removed some blood, then he injected me again still on the stomach with some medicine,” she narrates.

An ectopic pregnancy is a complication in which the fertilized ovum is developed in any tissue other than the uterine wall. According to medical experts, the survival chances of such a foetus are low.

The doctor told Kwamboka that he had to cut her left fallopian tube to remove the foetus.

“They walked me through the stairs to the theatre despite the pain I was in. In the theatre I don’t know what kind of medicine they gave me. The anaesthesia they used had a problem. I woke up in the middle of the operation! It was like hell, the pain was unbearable; then they had to inject me again,” she says.

Despite the agonising process of removing the alleged ectopic pregnancy, Kwamboka felt happy at last! She was free to go back to school though with a caesarean mark of a baby she never had.

But that was not the end of her long painful journey. What followed was even worse.

Two weeks after returning to school, the initial pains she had before the operation returned, only this time accompanied by a heavy flow.

“Normally I have a light flow, but this day the flow was too heavy, it was like pouring water out of a jug. I used two packets of sanitary pads within a day,” she says.

The school had to involve her parents since she required urgent medical attention. Her mother was double shocked, not just because of the heavy bleeding but because her adolescent daughter was pregnant.

Even worse, was the news from the doctor.

Kwamboka was carrying a dead foetus in her womb. The quack at the Umoja II dispensary did not remove any foetus, and neither did he cut her fallopian tube to remove the supposedly ectopic pregnancy as he had alleged.

“I was rushed to a good hospital and after the ultra sound the doctor said I was six weeks pregnant! I was in shock and confused!”

Doctors explained that the quack had interfered with her womb giving it an ‘M’ shape. The scans showed that the baby was in the correct position and could have survived had the womb not been opened.

Kwamboka was lucky to get proper medical attention to correct the damage caused by the quack doctor. She also had to go for counselling after the long torture of dealing with a teenage pregnancy that was never to be – in such a cruel manner.

When Capital News visited the dispensary, not even the most essential medical appliances were available. Not to mention the personnel that could barely communicate in English.

The dispensary was closed down after another girl died while procuring an abortion in the hands of the same quack.

Source: Capital FM

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Fairfax Group helps Kenyan Children Hear

Posted by jambonewspot on October 22, 2009

By Kali Schumitz
Fairfax County Times
Thursday, October 22, 2009

Andrew Dickson Mungai’s second trip to the United States was a whirlwind of doctors’ appointments, galas, speeches and visits with new and old friends. His first was to get a life-changing procedure.

In 2007, Tomi Browne brought Mungai to the U.S. for a cochlear implant, an electronic hearing device implanted in the ear to produce useful hearing sensations for people who suffer from severe to profound hearing loss.

Mungai, now 14, lost his hearing at age 9 because of complications from meningitis, HIV and herpes.

Browne, a McLean audiologist, first met Mungai in 2005, when one of her patients, the Rev. Angelo D’Agostino, convinced her to take her family on a trip to Kenya. Physician and Jesuit priest D’Agostino, now deceased, was the founder of the Nyumbani Children’s Home in Nairobi, Kenya, which was the country’s first facility for HIV-positive children.

The Brownes arrived with about $50,000 worth of donated computers, medicine and school supplies they had collected from family, friends and colleagues.

When Browne met Mungai, a resident at Nyumbani, she was able to communicate a bit with him by using sign language, so “they developed a bond right away,” said Sister Julie Mulvihill, one of the nuns who helps operate Nyumbani.

Teachers at Nyumbani were starting to worry that Mungai, an intelligent kid who was able to cover up his hearing loss by teaching himself to read lips, also was going to lose his ability to speak. Browne thought he would be a good candidate for a cochlear implant and began working to bring him to the U.S. for the procedure.

“He was just very special to me and we knew we had to do something,” she said.

The catch was that Browne had to agree to continue to travel regularly to Kenya to make the necessary adjustments to Mungai’s implant. Upon returning to the U.S., she formed a nonprofit, Heart of the Village, to raise funds to help Mungai and other Nyumbani children.

Browne now travels to Kenya several times each year to provide ear care for the children in the Nyumbani program; she left for her most recent visit earlier this month. She also arranges for audiology students and other volunteer doctors to provide care in the clinic she set up with donated equipment. The nonprofit also has set up a computer lab for the home.

In Kenya, an ear examination is not part of a regular checkup, Browne said.

“As a result, we’ve got a lot of kids with serious, chronic ear problems,” she said. “Chronic ear infections, if left untreated, can go into something worse.”

Mungai, who is able to better communicate since receiving the implant, is “our poster boy,” Browne said. The energetic, smiling teenager talked with congressmen, students and many other people during his visit to the U.S. last month, attending a gala for Nyumbani and a fundraiser for Heart of the Village.

He proudly introduced himself to new friends with a handshake, talked about how he wants to be a pilot when he is older and discussed how he might go to college in Pennsylvania, where he received his cochlear implant.

To hear Mungai tell the story, you might get the impression that a cochlear implant is magical.

“I was hearing well. I was playing, playing, playing even in the car,” he said, describing coming home from the hospital after his surgery.

Browne explains that Mungai lived with her family for months in 2007 after receiving the implant, to monitor his progress and make adjustments to the device.

“It takes time for the brain to learn the signals” that the cochlear implant produces, she said.

Aiding Kenyan children has now become a major focus of the Brownes’ family life.

Browne sold her audiology practice to work for the nonprofit fulltime, and her husband, Jeff, a political consultant, is now on the Board of Directors for Nyumbani USA, one of six groups worldwide that supports the Kenyan village.

“I wouldn’t change a thing,” Tomi Browne said.

SOURCE: Washington Post

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Saving A Stroke Victim

Posted by jambonewspot on October 21, 2009

Blood  Clots/Stroke – They Now Have a Fourth Indicator,  the Tongue

 
STROKE: Remember  the 1st Three Letters…..S. T. R. 

 
STROKE  IDENTIFICATION:

 
During a BBQ, a woman stumbled and took a little fall – she assured  everyone that she was fine (they offered to call  paramedics) .she said she had just tripped over  a brick because of her new shoes.

 
They  got her cleaned up and got her a new plate of  food. While she appeared a bit shaken up, Jane went about enjoying herself the rest of the  evening

 
Jane’s husband called later  telling everyone that his wife had been taken to  the hospital -
(at 6:00  pm  Jane passed away.) She had suffered a stroke at the BBQ.. Had they known how to identify the  signs of a stroke, perhaps Jane would be with  us today. Some don’t die. They end up in a  helpless, hopeless condition instead.

 
It  only takes a minute to read this…

 
A  neurologist says that if he can get to a stroke  victim within 3 hours he can totally reverse the  effects of a stroke…totally. He said  the trick was getting a stroke recognized,  diagnosed, and then getting the patient  medically cared for within 3 hours, which is  tough.

 
RECOGNIZING A STROKE

 
Thank  God for the sense to remember the ‘3′ steps, STR  . Read and Learn!

 
Sometimes symptoms of a  stroke are difficult to identify. Unfortunately,  the lack of awareness spells disaster. The  stroke victim may suffer severe brain damage  when people nearby fail to recognize the  symptoms of a stroke.

 
Now doctors say a  bystander can recognize a stroke by asking three  simple questions:

 
S  *Ask  the individual to SMILE.

T  *Ask  the person to TALK and SPEAK A SIMPLE SENTENCE  (Coherently)

(i.e.. It is sunny out  today.)

R  *Ask  him or her to RAISE BOTH  ARMS.

 
If  he or she has trouble with ANY ONE of these  tasks, call emergency number immediately  and describe the symptoms to the  dispatcher.

 
New  Sign of a Stroke ——– Stick out Your  Tongue

 
NOTE:  Another ’sign’ of a stroke is this: Ask the  person to ’stick’ out his tongue.. If the tongue  is ‘crooked’, if it goes to one side or the  other,   that is  also an indication of a  stroke.

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Men urged to get breast cancer screening

Posted by jambonewspot on October 20, 2009

By Judie Kaberia

NAIROBI, Kenya, Oct 20 – Kenyan men have been urged to go for early breast cancer screening  as they have an equal risk as women of getting the disease.

Survivor Joseph Mulwa (not his real name) on Tuesday appealed to men to go for early tests, so that any potential problems are identified before it was too late.

In an interview with Capital News, Mulwa said he noticed a lump on his right breast in 1985 but ignored the tumour since it was not painful.

“I was diagonised with cancer in 2005, but it started way back in 1985 or 1986, that’s when I noticed some lump in my breast, I took note of it, but at first it came as a suprise, breast cancer, I am a man, i had some knowlegde about it but I never thought it affects men,”  he said.

He said due to ignorance he lived with the disease for about 20 years without knowing.

“I now regret that I never went to hospital for a check up back then,” Mr Mulwa said.

Based on his personal experience he wants men to be on the look out since breast cancer affects both gender.

Kenya Cancer Association statistics estimate that 82 000 cancer cases are reported annually with 21 percent being breast cancer cases.

“The traumatising thing about cancer is not being told you have it, the cost of the treatment is the shocker,” Mr Mulwa said.

He estimated that his first chemotherapy at Kenyatta National Hospital costed him Sh36,000 in 2005.

“Unfortunately I had a re-currence which costed me Sh33,000 every three weeks for six weeks,” Mr Mulwa said.

Last year he said he had another re-currence that costed him about Sh200,000.

He said the doctors discovered that the breast cancer was spreading to his lungs some few weeks ago and to stop the spread he had to use another Sh102,000.

“After another check up last week, the doctors found the disease was still spreading,” Mr Mulwa said.

He said he required a drug that costs Sh335,000 per session to be administered every three weeks  for six weeks in different sessions.

“About last week, the doctor prescribed a drug for me, which I know I wont afford it, I dont know where I will get this money from, whether I will get it or not, I dont know, I however have hope,’’ he said.

Mr Mulwa has appealed to the government to subsidise cancer drugs in the country like it has been done with Anti- Retroviral Drugs..

“Cancer drugs are very expensive and many survivors die because they can not  afford the treatment,” he said.

He further said many cancer survivors cannot take their drugs as per the doctor’s prescription due to the high expenses on drugs reducing their efficiency due to inconstitencies involved during treatment.

Cancer drugs are usually taken after every three weeks and for good results, survivors have to be consistent with their treatment.

Source: Capital FM

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